Tuesday, November 26, 2019

The Tourism Sector In Promoting Mauritius Tourism Essay Essays

The Tourism Sector In Promoting Mauritius Tourism Essay Essays The Tourism Sector In Promoting Mauritius Tourism Essay Essay The Tourism Sector In Promoting Mauritius Tourism Essay Essay Mauritius is an island located in the Indian Ocean it is a dream finish with tropical clime and a dream nature. For the past few old ages Mauritius has brought drastic alterations in the economic system and promotion of the state. Mauritius offers a figure of attractive forces to tourist in footings of a broad assortment of hotels, eating houses, accessibility, striking beaches and profusion in civilization. The economic growing of Mauritius has been the consequence of the expansion of the overplus luxury touristry industry. The touristry sector in Mauritius is playing a critical function in giving its part in the enlargement of domestic industries. There is a great manus of this sector in the advancement of the substructure and in pulling foreign investing and simplifying the transportation of engineering. Many travellers come to Mauritius to pass their clip for relaxation, medical intent, for its beautiful locations and for concern conference. The hereafter of Mauritius is that the touristry industry will lend progressively to the national economic system. New tourist-related occupations, specializers and tourer services will emerge. Hotel installations will spread out and the figure of visitants will lift up. Furthermore, the will to maintain quality at its highest degree will be unshakeable. This is besides what will do the Mauritanian finish stand out from others. 1.1Background to the job 1.2 Significance of the survey This thesis can be of great aid to the people affecting in the procedure of advancing Mauritius as a tourer finish. Through this they will be able to cognize whether a state like Mauritius need to be innovate to a great extent in order to increase the degree of tourer. The MTPA and other related organisation can acquire an thought of what selling schemes can be used and what can be done to do Mauritius a alone finish comparison to other tourer finishs 1.3 Purposes of the survey Purposes: This survey explores new constructs of selling direction patterns to animate the image of the touristry sector by advancing Mauritius as a tourer finish. 1.4 Aims of the survey Aims: i To research cardinal marketing constructs such as SWOT analysis, branding, new promotional activities. i To understand the function of selling and the forces used to advance touristry finish and the factors drawing tourers to Mauritius. i To assist in diversifying the types of touristry. i To assist n diversifying the touristry resources i To assist in re-engineering the touristry sector in Mauritius. i To analyse the existent tourer arrival tendency of tourers to Mauritius. i To place the function of the MTPA in advancing Mauritius as a tourer finish. i To cognize the part of AHRIM ( Association des Hoteliers ET Restaurant de Lile Maurice ) . i To cognize about the map of circuit operators in advancing Mauritius as a tourer finish. 1.5 Problem statement The touristry sector is considered to be the pillar of Mauritius and therefore great attempts should be carried out to keep the stableness of this sector in the touristry market. One has to continuously reexamine and measure from all foreparts, both internal and external, factors that are endangering its really survival. There is an intense competition in the international touristry industry. It is a great affair of concern for the authorities and organisation in Mauritius to keep the image of the touristry sector of Mauritius. This is so because internationally everyone is acquiring involved in implementing different selling schemes to pull the most figure of tourers. However, in an of all time altering universe, nutriment is a uninterrupted conflict. Mauritius has to transport on diversifying its economic scheme, particularly in this tough competitory universe market place. Whenever there is a conversation on touristry one have a inclination to believe of largely immense classy hotels and topographic points of beautiful sceneries, like of Casella, Crocodile Park and bagatelle. But touristry is a really huge all permeant commercialism touching about every pace of our daily private and public life ; to merely call a few, such as air travels, travel agency/tour operators, conveyances, eating houses, topographic points of attractive forces and fast nutrient. The list is practically eternal. The influence this can hold upon the support of those straight or indirectly involved is indefinable in the aftermath of possible tourer diminution, least to state upon the full state. That is why the demand to market touristry as a tourer finish is really of import as this will assist to increase the degree of tourer in Mauritius. To keep in the long tally of being a successful finish, a new image should be proposed and more difficult work should be done by the, authorities, MTPA, NTPA, AHRIM to mensurate the accomplishment of their selling schemes used in advancing Mauritius as a tourer finish. 1.6 Research inquiries 1.7 Premises 1.8 Format of the survey Chapter 1 It consist of the debut of touristry sector in Mauritius, the ground and usage of carry oning this study.it besides province the job statement, purposes and aims of the survey, a reappraisal about Mauritius, and rational behind the survey. Chapter 2 consists of the literature review.it lay accent on the assorted promotional tools that push visitants to come to a destination.it tells us about the selling schemes, finish selling, finish stigmatization. Chapter 3 it presents the research methodological analysis which describes what trying methods have been used, how informations have been collected from the circuit operator and organize the MTPA, how the questionnaires design was and what are the jobs that have occurred to roll up these informations? . Chapter 4 nowadayss all the analysis and treatment. Chapter 5 is a decision about the survey and it deals with all the recommendations. 1.9 Conclusion a short paragraph that rounds off this chapter and prepares the reader for the following chapter. Note: Use a lower limit of 8 beginnings to compose this chapter. Ensure that the focal point is on MANAGEMENT. Title: Re-creating the image of the touristry sector in advancing Mauritius as a tourer finish Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction The aim of this chapter is to analyze the existent tourer s tendency in Mauritius and to research the importance of marketing construct to market Mauritius as a tourer finish. It is besides to look into whether appropriate publicity efforts are being carried out by the MTPA and the circuit operators to animate the image of the touristry sector of Mauritius. The literature reappraisal will analyze the undermentioned points: What is touristry? Definitions and functions of the MTPA The construct of selling Importance of selling Selling schemes Marketing mix Tourism selling Finish selling Branding and the importance of branding Finish stigmatization Destination image The functions of finish direction organisations ( tour operators ) What is touristry? In 1941, Hunziker and Krapf defined touristry as people who travel the amount of the phenomena and relationships arises from the travel and stay of non-residents in so far as they do non take to lasting abode and are non connected with any earning activity. That is a tourer is person who do non come to a state to work. He or she is non here to populate for good. In 1976, the Tourism Society of England s definition was: Tourism is the impermanent, short-run motion of people to a finish outside their place state . What I have understood through this is that a tourer is person who live their topographic points where they normally live and work and their behaviors throughout the stay at each finish. It comprises battles for all intents. In 1981, the International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism defined touristry in footings of peculiar activities selected by pick and undertaken outside the place. By this the Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism means that touristry is plenty of activities done outside the place topographic point. In 1994, the United Nations classified three signifiers of touristry in its Recommendations on Tourism Statisticss: Domestic touristry is people of the known state going merely inside the state. Inbound touristry means non-residents going in the given state. Outbound touristry is those occupants who travel in a new state. The functions of finish direction constitutions Definition of the MTPA The Mauritius Tourism Promotion Authority. The name itself speaks a batch. They are here to market the touristry sector of Mauritius. They are involve in germinating selling schemes, they do promotion run of legion finish in Mauritius.it consist in the creative activity of booklets, booklets, and assorted promotional events. Tourism Marketing Promotion and the Role of National Tourism Promotion Agencies/Organizations ( NTPAs ) . Notionally touristry run attempts ( in footings of attending in route shows, selling, promotion and trade name name among others ) mark chiefly at publicising every bit much facts as possible about a finish and its appeals in a spell to do it better known in the of all time increasing competitory international touristry market. Besides, tourers now know more about assorted sceneries and touristry merchandises, so there is a force per unit area on the promotional bureaus to supply greater degree of information pertaining to services offered ( including hotel ) , activities, singularity of the finish and civilization among others. The circuit operators Mauritius Tour Operators offer striking travel bundles inclusive of travelling, adjustment and rubber-necking. Bing a cardinal portion of the Mauritius Tourss, the circuit operators deliver a elaborate penetration into the attraction of the island. Tour Operators of Mauritius besides offer bespoke bundles particularly appropriate to the distinct and specific demands of the travellers. i some of the well-known circuit operators in Mauritius are as follows: i Mauri Travel i World Travel and Tours i Mauri Tours i White Sand i Macambo Tours Apart from the Mauritius circuit operators there are farther travel operators besides who offer intriguing travel bundles from other states to the island. Selling Selling is considered so basic that it can non be a separate map. It is the whole concern from a separate map, it is the whole concern seen from the point of viewaˆÂ ¦the success of a concern is non determined entirely by the merchandise but by the client. ( Peter Drucker ) Harmonizing to Kotler ( 1997 ) , selling is classically perceived as the charge of doing, backing and transporting properties and services to clients and companies ; it is demarcated as a common process by which persons and crowds gain what they need and want through constructing, suggesting and easy interchanging merchandises and services of importance with others. Selling can besides be define as a societal and managerial procedure Y which persons and groups obtain what they need and what though making and interchanging merchandises and value with others. ( Kotler,1994 ) Peter Stimpson, 2005 defines marketing as the procedure of researching into and observing consumer demands and retaining suited monetary value, merchandise, and topographic point and publicity schemes in order to delight these demands productively.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Whats New on LinkedIn - October 2016

Whats New on LinkedIn - October 2016 Over the past six months, and since my March 2016 report on the 8 Most Important Updates for You to Know on LinkedIn, LinkedIn has introduced a panoply of new features to make life easier for job seekers, enhance the mobile experience, and support both students and members of the LinkedIn community who might not have a college degree. If you know where to look, you can find a wealth of information and tools tailored just for you! Heres a list of what I think are the 6 most important updates on LinkedIn since March 2016. 1. LinkedIn’s Job Search App Whether you are a job seeker or an employer, you need to know about LinkedIn ® Jobs. Jobs are so important on LinkedIn, in fact, that they have their own tab right in the top menu. Now with robustly featured mobile apps for iOS and Android, job seekers can apply to jobs using LinkedIn right from their phones. Don’t let that job offer sit in your inbox for hours while you’re out networking! For Android users: Click here to get LinkedIn ® Job Search App for Android (Google Play) and log in to your account. Tap the grid icon in the upper right corner. From the dropdown menu, select Job Search. You can then search for new job opportunities, save your searches, create job alerts and apply. From the dropdown menu in the upper left, select â€Å"Activity† to see your recently viewed jobs, save searches, and keep track of where you’ve applied. Or click â€Å"Discover† to view the jobs that LinkedIn has recommended for you. You can also sync your phone with your LinkedIn account. For iOS (iPhone) users: Click here to get the LinkedIn ® Job Search App for iPhone (iTunes). iPhone users enjoy additional amenities with the Job Search App for iPhone. Search jobs, save searches, set up notifications, apply online and track jobs you’ve applied to. Click her for more about LinkedIn for mobile. 2. Open Candidates In October 2016, LinkedIn introduced the â€Å"Open Candidates† tool, which allows job seekers to privately signal to recruiters that they are open to new job opportunities. Now you don’t have to worry that you will be telling the world (or your current employer) that you are on the hunt. Here’s how to use Open Candidates: From the Jobs menu, select the Preferences tab and flip the switch to â€Å"On.† You will then be asked to provide preferences for jobs you are interested in. Open Candidates makes it easy to access hundreds of thousands of recruiters who are looking for talent on LinkedIn. It’s available in the U.S., U.K. Canada and Australia on both the desktop and mobile versions of LinkedIn, and there are plans to rolled out the program globally. Ready to get started? Log in here to change your preferences. Click here for more info on Open Candidates. 3. New Mobile App Features On October 12, 2016, LinkedIn kindly outlined the three newest features available to you via your mobile phone. These features are designed to help you find what you need more easily and to control the type of information that comes through your LinkedIn feed. Customizable Feed Click the three dots in the upper right corner of your mobile app to reveal the â€Å"Improve my feed† option. Pick topics that interest you, follow leaders you want to hear from, and tap on publications you like to read. Also, you can unfollow or hide updates from connections that you find less interesting, and the app will deliver more of what you like to read. Save Content for Later At the bottom right of each article, there is now an option to bookmark it so you can come back to it later. To access your saved content, click on your â€Å"Me† tab. Search for Content The mobile app’s search box allows you to find the content that interests you most. Who doesn’t love a search function? 4. LinkedIn Students App According to LinkedIn’s official article announcing this mobile app, â€Å"86% of students choose to go to college to get better jobs, but 44% of graduates are underemployed.† Ada Yu, LinkedIn’s product manager, stated that often students â€Å"don’t know what to search for †¦ what they’re qualified to do, or even what’s out there.† This skill gap, coupled with mounting student debt, makes support to get a job right out of college- or even during college- a huge advantage. LinkedIn’s Students App was created to help college students land their first job sooner. Available for iOS and Android (in the US only), this app helps you as a student work on a host of job search activities between classes or whenever you have a few precious moments. Explore suggested roles based on your education. Read helpful articles curated by LinkedIn and JPMorgan Chase Company. See the companies that hire from your school. View the profiles of recent alumni with your major. Get job listings appropriate for your major and year. Get new recommendations delivered every day. The information recommended by the app is generated just as it is with LinkedIn Jobs, except tailored specifically for students. In fact, the app has been touted as resembling the infamous Tinder app, making it familiar and easy for students to learn and navigate. 5. Training Finder Are you just a training or two short of being qualified for the positions you want? In March 2016, LinkedIn began rolling out â€Å"Training Finder,† a service designed for people with a high school diploma and some or no college who need to learn a skill. Currently limited to only a handful of cities in Arizona and Colorado, this tool, powered by LinkedIn’s Economic Graph, provides local candidates a way to secure better jobs by connecting them with live training programs. Allen Blue, LinkedIn’s VP of Product Management and Co-Founder, describes Training Finder as providing â€Å"relevant training programs in their area; which programs are affiliated with employers; whether or not they’re accredited; the program’s employment rate, cost, and duration; the skills the program will teach them; the jobs they’ll be qualified for when they complete the program; and the estimated salary. These insights will help them choose the training program that will teach them the skills they need to get the job they want.† According to LinkedIn Help, the â€Å"majority of information about programs †¦ is uploaded by the schools directly (training descriptions, potential job positions, affiliated employers, skills you will learn, etc.). The other information, such as alumni of the program, number of job openings related to the program, and expected salary for those jobs is based on LinkedIn’s own data.† 6. Career Pages On the Company side, LinkedIn has created the â€Å"Next Generation of Career Pages.† If you are a job seeker, the new career pages could mean that you are getting a much better customer experience when a company is interested in your candidacy! You will be able to learn more about a company’s culture, and have better access to people in similar roles to the ones that interest you. I’d love to hear your stories of how this feature works for you. Have you noticed any other new features on LinkedIn that you want to report or have questions about? Let me know and I will cover them in my next update!

Whats New on LinkedIn - October 2016

Whats New on LinkedIn - October 2016 Over the past six months, and since my March 2016 report on the 8 Most Important Updates for You to Know on LinkedIn, LinkedIn has introduced a panoply of new features to make life easier for job seekers, enhance the mobile experience, and support both students and members of the LinkedIn community who might not have a college degree. If you know where to look, you can find a wealth of information and tools tailored just for you! Heres a list of what I think are the 6 most important updates on LinkedIn since March 2016. 1. LinkedIn’s Job Search App Whether you are a job seeker or an employer, you need to know about LinkedIn ® Jobs. Jobs are so important on LinkedIn, in fact, that they have their own tab right in the top menu. Now with robustly featured mobile apps for iOS and Android, job seekers can apply to jobs using LinkedIn right from their phones. Don’t let that job offer sit in your inbox for hours while you’re out networking! For Android users: Click here to get LinkedIn ® Job Search App for Android (Google Play) and log in to your account. Tap the grid icon in the upper right corner. From the dropdown menu, select Job Search. You can then search for new job opportunities, save your searches, create job alerts and apply. From the dropdown menu in the upper left, select â€Å"Activity† to see your recently viewed jobs, save searches, and keep track of where you’ve applied. Or click â€Å"Discover† to view the jobs that LinkedIn has recommended for you. You can also sync your phone with your LinkedIn account. For iOS (iPhone) users: Click here to get the LinkedIn ® Job Search App for iPhone (iTunes). iPhone users enjoy additional amenities with the Job Search App for iPhone. Search jobs, save searches, set up notifications, apply online and track jobs you’ve applied to. Click her for more about LinkedIn for mobile. 2. Open Candidates In October 2016, LinkedIn introduced the â€Å"Open Candidates† tool, which allows job seekers to privately signal to recruiters that they are open to new job opportunities. Now you don’t have to worry that you will be telling the world (or your current employer) that you are on the hunt. Here’s how to use Open Candidates: From the Jobs menu, select the Preferences tab and flip the switch to â€Å"On.† You will then be asked to provide preferences for jobs you are interested in. Open Candidates makes it easy to access hundreds of thousands of recruiters who are looking for talent on LinkedIn. It’s available in the U.S., U.K. Canada and Australia on both the desktop and mobile versions of LinkedIn, and there are plans to rolled out the program globally. Ready to get started? Log in here to change your preferences. Click here for more info on Open Candidates. 3. New Mobile App Features On October 12, 2016, LinkedIn kindly outlined the three newest features available to you via your mobile phone. These features are designed to help you find what you need more easily and to control the type of information that comes through your LinkedIn feed. Customizable Feed Click the three dots in the upper right corner of your mobile app to reveal the â€Å"Improve my feed† option. Pick topics that interest you, follow leaders you want to hear from, and tap on publications you like to read. Also, you can unfollow or hide updates from connections that you find less interesting, and the app will deliver more of what you like to read. Save Content for Later At the bottom right of each article, there is now an option to bookmark it so you can come back to it later. To access your saved content, click on your â€Å"Me† tab. Search for Content The mobile app’s search box allows you to find the content that interests you most. Who doesn’t love a search function? 4. LinkedIn Students App According to LinkedIn’s official article announcing this mobile app, â€Å"86% of students choose to go to college to get better jobs, but 44% of graduates are underemployed.† Ada Yu, LinkedIn’s product manager, stated that often students â€Å"don’t know what to search for †¦ what they’re qualified to do, or even what’s out there.† This skill gap, coupled with mounting student debt, makes support to get a job right out of college- or even during college- a huge advantage. LinkedIn’s Students App was created to help college students land their first job sooner. Available for iOS and Android (in the US only), this app helps you as a student work on a host of job search activities between classes or whenever you have a few precious moments. Explore suggested roles based on your education. Read helpful articles curated by LinkedIn and JPMorgan Chase Company. See the companies that hire from your school. View the profiles of recent alumni with your major. Get job listings appropriate for your major and year. Get new recommendations delivered every day. The information recommended by the app is generated just as it is with LinkedIn Jobs, except tailored specifically for students. In fact, the app has been touted as resembling the infamous Tinder app, making it familiar and easy for students to learn and navigate. 5. Training Finder Are you just a training or two short of being qualified for the positions you want? In March 2016, LinkedIn began rolling out â€Å"Training Finder,† a service designed for people with a high school diploma and some or no college who need to learn a skill. Currently limited to only a handful of cities in Arizona and Colorado, this tool, powered by LinkedIn’s Economic Graph, provides local candidates a way to secure better jobs by connecting them with live training programs. Allen Blue, LinkedIn’s VP of Product Management and Co-Founder, describes Training Finder as providing â€Å"relevant training programs in their area; which programs are affiliated with employers; whether or not they’re accredited; the program’s employment rate, cost, and duration; the skills the program will teach them; the jobs they’ll be qualified for when they complete the program; and the estimated salary. These insights will help them choose the training program that will teach them the skills they need to get the job they want.† According to LinkedIn Help, the â€Å"majority of information about programs †¦ is uploaded by the schools directly (training descriptions, potential job positions, affiliated employers, skills you will learn, etc.). The other information, such as alumni of the program, number of job openings related to the program, and expected salary for those jobs is based on LinkedIn’s own data.† 6. Career Pages On the Company side, LinkedIn has created the â€Å"Next Generation of Career Pages.† If you are a job seeker, the new career pages could mean that you are getting a much better customer experience when a company is interested in your candidacy! You will be able to learn more about a company’s culture, and have better access to people in similar roles to the ones that interest you. I’d love to hear your stories of how this feature works for you. Have you noticed any other new features on LinkedIn that you want to report or have questions about? Let me know and I will cover them in my next update!

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Grammar and Syntax Resource Guide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Grammar and Syntax Resource Guide - Essay Example It will also describe the emphasis offered by each site regarding grammar and illustrate how the lesson ideas would be incorporated in my own teaching. ESL Flow http://www.eslflow.com/grammarlessonplans.html/ This site gives the learner random English words and asks them to construct sentences using each word at least once. After creating a minimum of five sentences, the learner is then asked to pick words from the sentences and categorize them into provided columns with different headings. The headings are labeled verbs, nouns, adverbs and adverbs. It also offers effective memorizing tips. Brain Pop http://www.brainpop.com/english/grammar/capitalization/preview.weml/ This website lays emphasis on the rules of capitalization. They format their lessons on a game show that explain how common nouns differ from proper nouns. They also explain whether or not and why pronouns should be capitalized. They use examples of days and months of the calendar to show what should be capitalized. Fur ther examples include peoples’ names, movie and book titles. At the end of the exercise the learners know that every first word of a sentence should be capitalized, including major words in titles of books. Learners also get to know that proper nouns, which include places, specific objects and people, are always capitalized. Fun Easy English http://funeasyenglish.com/new-american-english-grammar-topic-parts-of-speech.htm/ This site begins by introducing the eight parts of speech in the English language in a video clip. It then defines them (noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, preposition, conjunction and interjection) and explains how they are used in construction of sentences. It summarizes by demonstrating how to punctuate sentences. At the end of the exercise, there is a test whereby sentences are given and the learner is asked to answer a question on them. One word is printed in bold and the learner needs to decide which part of speech it belongs to. It is challenging because multiple choices are provided, and the learner who did not pay attention may easily get confused. It also tests the learner’s listening ability by the video presentation at the beginning. Ms Hogue’s Online English Resource http://www.mshogue.com/beyond-another-brick-in-the-wall/ This website teaches learners an analytical approach to writings like essays, poems, narratives and music. Students are given either written or audio material. After going through them, they are required to write a summary within a specified number of words, reflecting their understanding of what they just read or heard. The exercise tests their reading and listening ability and knowledge of compressing sentences on top of their comprehension of the message delivered. Grammar Monster http://www.grammar-monster.com/ This website lays emphasis on punctuations and abbreviations. It gives instructions on the use of apostrophes, brackets, commas, full stops, question marks and many more. It also has a section on abbreviating words and use of punctuation marks to shorten words. However, it is not a recommended site for beginners because it takes an advanced knowledge of the language before one can embark on shortening words. In general, all the websites on teaching English language share the same concepts, with a slight difference depending on the target group that ranges from elementary to advanced and basic communication skills for temporary

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Major Paper 4--Explaining a Concept Research Paper Essay

Major Paper 4--Explaining a Concept Research Paper - Essay Example This paper aims to explain the concept of elder abuse to those who may not be familiar with the topic. Part of the information presented within the paper will include, but will not be limited to the risk factors relating to elder abuse, types of elder abuse with accompanying examples, the signs and symptoms of elder abuse, and how to deal with the situation when one discovers an elderly person who is being abused by his family members of caregivers. The World Health Organization has recognized Elderly Abuse as an increasingly growing problem among the population of the elderly. As such the World Health Organization has given the official definition of Elder Abuse as: â€Å"...a single, or repeated act, or lack of appropriate action, occurring within any relationship where there is an expectation of trust which causes harm or distress to an older person...† (â€Å"Elder Abuse†). The definition was adopted from the Action on Elder Abuse in the United Kingdom and has becom e the most widely accepted definition of the violent act upon the elderly. Elder Abuse most often occurs due to the â€Å"trust factor† that the aging person must place in the treatment that he expects of his caregiver. This trust factor is something that an elder person normally has for an immediate member of his family such as a younger sibling, spouse, family member, friend, neighbor, or anyone else that the elder person must rel on for services that he requires assistance in accomplishing. It is because of the closeness of the elderly towards his abuser that the law has classified Elder Abuse as a part of domestic or family violence. According to the Administration on Aging, elder abuse is no different from any other type of abuse that even young people experience. The only difference is that just like a child, an elderly person is already limited in his ability to defend himself from abuse. The various types of elder abuse as per information taken from the Administration on Aging (â€Å"What is Elder Abuse?†) include: Physical Abuse - inflicting physical pain or injury on a senior, e.g. slapping, bruising, or restraining by physical or chemical means. Sexual Abuse - non-consensual sexual contact of any kind. Neglect - the failure by those responsible to provide food, shelter, health care, or protection for a vulnerable elder. Exploitation - the illegal taking, misuse, or concealment of funds, property, or assets of a senior for someone else's benefit. Emotional Abuse - inflicting mental pain, anguish, or distress on an elder person through verbal or nonverbal acts, e.g. humiliating, intimidating, or threatening. Abandonment - desertion of a vulnerable elder by anyone who has assumed the responsibility for care or custody of that person. Self-neglect – characterized as the failure of a person to perform essential, self-care tasks and that such failure threatens his/her own health or safety. An abuser has the ability to change the way t hat people perceive his abusee. In the case of the elderly, an abuser will do his best to portray the elderly as senile, or accident prone, and basically, just unable to care for him or herself sans any assistance. Once the others in the social circle of the elderly begin to believe in the feebleness of the elderly person, then the abuser will begin to get away with the

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Russian Cuisine Essay Example for Free

Russian Cuisine Essay Food traditions are vary around the globe. Some people start the day with a heavy breakfast, some eat a light breakfast, well for me I dont even eat breakfast sometimes. Others have a heavy lunch or heavy supper. Russians have a long cultural history that stretches back centuries. Their food traditions are not that different from many other European cultures, but they do have their differences. Breakfast Generally, a traditional Russian breakfast is warm and healthy. Most Russians start the day with fine, rich and diverse foods. Porridge is one of the more popular traditional Russian breakfasts. Its quick and easy to make, and can be blended with fruits. Porridge goes well with other breakfast foods such as eggs. Eggs are served scrambled or fried and often are used in sandwiches with meat. Pancakes with butter, sour cream or jam are popular. For drinks, fairly strong coffee or tea is served. Lunch Lunch is similar to many European cultures that call for a heavy lunch during the busiest time of the day to keep energy levels high. A three-course lunch is traditional in Russia. Soup usually begins the meal. Traditional Russian soups include borscht, solvanka, rassolnik, okroshka, and mushroom soup. After soup, a meat dish is served. Popular meat dishes include beef goulash, stroganoff, pork chops, goose with apples, and stuffed cabbage rolls. The meat dish is served with salads and a large side dish. A traditional Russian side dish may include potatoes, pasta or porridge. Potatoes are fried and heavy, and the porridge usually is made of buckwheat. Dessert is light; it often is a glass of tea or a piece of fruit. Midday Snack A midday snack (or poldnik) is an important part of Russian tradition. Its typically eaten after or at the end of work to hold one over until supper time. A traditional poldnik consists of a collection of fruit, or fruit salad, combined with cake, crackers or toast. Its typically something light and healthy. However, more modern poldniks consist of variety of foods, such as coffee and a sandwich or a light salad. Supper In Russia, supper time is when the family sits down, relaxes and talks about the day. The structure of supper is similar to the structure of dinner, but there usually is no soup. Similar meat dishes are eaten at supper, and the side dish is similar. However, supper is the time when Russians pay more attention to dessert. Traditional Russian desserts range from various pancakes, rasstegai and kulebiakato ice cream, fruits and tarts. Night Snack After supper but several hours before bed, Russians enjoy a light evening snack. Most of the food and calories for the day have been eaten in earlier meals. A light night snack keeps people going until bedtime. A night snack is something such as yogurt or kefir. Fruit also is a common night snake. Thankyou (bo ga de lu)

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Keeping Peace and Freedom :: Politics Political Freedom Essays

Keeping Peace and Freedom George Bush who is the President of the United States of America came and visited our small town of Flagstaff in September of 2002. As a leader of our country, he reminds the Americans that we should be grateful for our freedom. Through contextualizing, structure, and rhetorical appeals, he gets through to his listeners by reminding us all, that keeping peace and freedom is not an easy job to do. He tells us how lucky we are to have freedom, and what we have to do to keep our â€Å"homeland† safe for our children of today. He speaks on behalf of his people, and what he will do to keep his people safe from our enemies who â€Å"hate† us, because we choose to be free! As President, he is sworn to protect his people, and to keep everything in order in our country. He travels the world to try and promote peace among us and other countries. In this speech that was given by the President, he is speaking to everyone. The General Public, Professionals, Students, and every other citizen. He speaks of freedom and how to protect our â€Å"homeland†. He states â€Å"the enemies hate us because we have freedom†. (P. #3). As Americans we have the freedom to live where we want to, and how we want to. Most of all we have the â€Å"Freedom of Speech†. We voice our opinions when we feel it is necessary, without being punished by the government. In America, we stand together as one nation, to keep peace and freedom! Identifying the structure of Bush’s speech is ways to keep peace and freedom among everyone. In order to keep our freedom, we need to work together to keep our enemies out. He incorporates on how to eliminate all the â€Å"bad guys† one by one, so they will not hurt us again. Bush points out three main reasons to keep peace and freedom; 1.) Protecting our homeland! 2.) Hunting down the enemies. 3.) Preventing the killers from hurting America again. Protecting our homeland is a very difficult job to do, but it can be done when our people come together and fight for our nation.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

China trade performances and policies

Consumption Behavior China is the world's largest car market. By the end of 2012 the number of motor icicles reached 109. 4 million in China. China produced 19. 3 million cars in 2012. China is the world's largest mobile phone market, with over 1. 1 billion subscribers at the end of 2012. China is the second largest luxury goods market in the world, after Japan, and China is the second largest market for cinema, after the US. Between 1949 and 1979, a total of 280,000 Chinese traveled abroad. In 2012, 83 million Chinese citizens made Journeys abroad. Household consumption as a percentage of GAP is among the lowest of any major economy, at around 34% in 2011, which remained nearly unchanged since 2006.Introduction on China Trade Policies China foreign trade in the past year The trade history of China is Important for how it has affected global production and earnings in poor and rich countries. Many analysts view China ‘s recent dominance primarily as the result of the post-1978 reforms. The overall economic system after 1949 was modeled after the Soviet Union, and raised savings from the rural sector in order to benefit industrial production. Foreign trade was generally conducted by state enterprises that had limited incentives to operate efficiently because their position was not contested by competition. The verbal regime adopted by China was geared towards self-sufficiency and import substitution, which as such was not atypical for a relatively poor country during this period.Never the less, China ‘s own trade regime together with the trade liberalizing of the GATE member countries meant that China's role in the world trade shrank after 1949. While before World War II China Accounted for around 2% of the world's imports plus exports, estimates suggest that China's share had fallen by the asses to around 1 . 7% and by the asses to around 0. 7%. The quantitative information on China's foreign during the period 1949-1979 is very emitted and it corres ponds to the small net gains that China was expecting to reap from participation in world trade. Foreign trade data of China was collected, as in most other countries, in the process of administrating trade taxes through customs.China's share in world trade did not change much between 1970 and 1978, while after 1978 China ‘s share increased substantially, consistent with a trade liberalizing impact of the 1978 reforms. Other breakpoints occurred around 1990 and around 2000, and in each case the rate at which China gains in terms of the world trades eave increased, with China ‘s rate of rate of trade growth increasing overall during this period. Between 1978 and 1990, trade growth is 7. 5%, between 1990 and 2000 it comes to 13. 5%, and between 2000 and 2007 it is 16. 2%. An important event that strengthened China ‘s foreign trade ties further is it accession to the World Trade Organization.China foreign trade today On December from 2001, China became the 43rd member country of the World Trade Organization after 16 years of negotiations. To honor its commitments upon entry into the WTFO, China expanded its opening-up in the fields of industry, agriculture and the services trade, and accelerated trade and investment facilitation and liberalizing. Meanwhile, the state deepened the reform of its foreign trade administrative intervention, rationalized government responsibilities in foreign trade administration, made government behavior more open, more impartial and more transparent, and promoted the development of an open economy to a new stage. Expediting improvements to the legal system for foreign economic relations and trade.After its entry into the WTFO, China reviewed over 2,300 laws and regulations, and departmental rules. Those that did not accord with WTFO rules and China's commitments upon entry into the WTFO were abolished or revised. Administrative licensing procedures are reduced and regulated in the revised laws and regulations, and a legal system of trade promotion and remedy has been established and improved. In accordance with the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) administered by the WTFO, China revised its laws and regulations and Judicial interpretations related to intellectual property rights, and thereby constructed a complete legal system that conforms to China's actual notations and international practices.Taking further measures to lower tariffs and reduce non-tariff measures. During the transitional period following China's entry into the WTFO, the general level of China's import tariffs was lowered from 15. 3% in 2001 to 9. 9% in 2005. By January 2005, the majority of China's tariff reduction commitments had been fulfilled; China had removed non-tariff barriers, including quota, licensing and designated bidding, measures concerning 424 tariff lines, and only retained licensing administration over imports that are controlled for the sake of public safety and th e environment in line tit international conventions and WTFO rules. By 2010 China's overall tariff level had dropped to 9. 8% – 15. % in the case of agricultural products and 8. 9% in the case of industrial products. Since 2005, China has completely maintained its bound tariff rate.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

An Assessment of Nhif Utilization in Kiwanja Market

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILIZATION OF NHIF BY RESIDENTS OF KIWANJA MARKET, KAHAWA WEST LOCATION, KASARANI DIVISION IN NAIROBI. Presented by: Ann Mwangi Registration number: I30/2160/2006 A research proposal submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Science (nursing and public health) in the school of health sciences of Kenyatta University. February, 2010. DECLARATION STUDENT’S DECLARATION This proposal is my original work and has not been presented for any academic award in any other University or college. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Name: Ann Mwangi Registration number: I30/2160/2006 SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION This proposal has been submitted for review with my approval as a university supervisor. Signature †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Name: Mrs. Makworo Department: Nursing sciences. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS NHIF National Hospital Insurance Fund MOH Ministry of Health CAP Chapter HMOs Health Management Organization UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund KIPPRA Kenya institute for public policy research activities and analysis OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS Health care- Goods and services used as inputs to produce health. In some analyses one’s own time and knowledge used to maintain and promote health are considered in additional to conventional inputs. Used synonymously with Medicare in this study. Health maintenance organization (HMOs) –It is a managed care plan that integrates financing and delivery of a comprehensive set of health care services to an enrolled population. HMOs may contract with or directly employ health care providers. Social insurance – It’s a government insurance programme in which eligibility and premiums are not determined by the practices common to private insurance contracts. Premiums are often subsidized and there is typically redistribution from some segments of the population to others. Health care financing- Refers to paying or funding of health care services provided or to be provided. It is not Medicare per se that consumers want but health itself. Medicare demand is a derived demand for an input that is used to produce health. Health care consumers do not merely purchase passively from the market, but instead produce it, spending time on health improving efforts in addition to purchasing Medicare input. ABSTRACT The National Hospital insurance Fund (NHIF) is an important aspect of healthcare financing through social health insurance in Kenya. It was established by the government of Kenya (GoK) in 1966 as a social insurance fund. At its inception, the NHIF was meant to assist GoK employees to gain access to higher quality private hospitals, thereby relieving congestion in the free public hospitals. The NHIF has mainly focused on the formal sector employees in the past around four decades. This has left those employed in the informal sector. This study is attempts to analyze and understand the demand for social health insurance of the informal sector workers in Kiwanja market by assessing their perceptions and knowledge of and concerns regarding National Hospital Insurance Fund. It will serve to explore how more informal sector workers could be integrated into the NHIF scheme. The research design to be used will be a descriptive cross-sectional study. The area of study is Kiwanja market in Kahawa west location. The study population will include Kiwanja residents above 18 years of age, and employed in the informal sector. The sample size will be 76 as determined using a standard statistical formula and the respondents selected through cluster sampling. A structured questionnaire will be used to collect data. Pretesting of the data collection tool will be done in Kihunguro area in Ruiru. The data collected will be entered, coded and keyed into variables using SPSS version 12- computer software and excel computer packages. Quantitative data will be analyzed using SPSS version 10 computer software. Presentation of quantitive information will be done using statistical packages (graphs, charts, tables and pie charts). The findings, conclusions and recommendations of this study will be very important in formulating awareness campaigns and educational materials that will enable the residents of Kiwanja in the informal sector of employment to realize the significance of NHIF programmes in financing their healthcare. TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATIONii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSiii OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONSiv ABSTRACTv CHAPTER ONE1 1. 0 INTRODUCTION1 1. 1Background to the study1 1. 2Statement of the problem4 1. 3Justification of the study5 1. 4 Research questions5 1. 5 Objectives of the study6 1. 5. 1 Broad objective6 1. 5. 2 Specific objectives6 1. 6 Research assumptions6 1. 7Significance of the study6 CHAPTER TWO7 2. 0 LITERATURE REVIEW7 2. 1 Social health insurance7 2. 2 Healthcare financing through health insurance in Kenya9 2. 2. 1 The National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF). 10 2. 2. 2 Membership to NHIF10 . 2. 3 Mode of Payment11 2. 2. 4 Benefits and cover11 2. 2. 5 How to access benefits11 2. 2. 6 Accredited hospitals12 2. 2. 7 Milestones12 2. 2. 8 The future of NHIF12 2. 3 Factors influencing utilization of social health insurance services. 13 2. 3. 1 Feasibility analyses of social health insurance14 CHAPTER THREE20 3. 0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY20 3. 1 Research design20 3. 2 Study area20 3. 3 Stud y population20 3. 4 Inclusion and exclusion criteria20 3. 4. 1 Inclusion criteria20 3. 4. 5 Exclusion criteria20 3. 5 Sampling technique and sample size21 3. 5. 1 Sample size determination21 . 5. 2 Sampling technique22 3. 6 Data collection procedures22 3. 6. 1 Research instruments22 3. 6. 2 Pre testing22 3. 6. 3 Data collection process22 3. 7 Data management23 3. 8 Limitations of the study23 3. 9 Ethical considerations23 REFERENCES24 WORK PLAN FOR THE STUDY. 26 BUDGET27 APPENDICES28 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION (QUESTIONNAIRE)28 CONSENT FORM31 MAP OF STUDY AREA32 CHAPTER ONE 1. 0 INTRODUCTION 1. 1Background to the study The concept of National Hospital insurance Fund (NHIF) is an important aspect of healthcare financing through social health insurance in Kenya. In a developing country like Egypt, the Health Insurance Organization (HIO) is prominent among many health institutions involved in health financing and provision, and a key player in the country’s health sector reform programme. It was established in 1964 as the institution in Egypt responsible for social health insurance, providing compulsory health insurance to workers in the formal sector (Abd et al. , 1997). One of the overall goals of the Government of Kenya is to promote and improve the health status of all Kenyans by making health services more effective, accessible, and affordable. Therefore health policy in the country revolves around two critical issues, namely: how to deliver a basic package of quality health services, and how to finance and manage those services in a way that guarantees their availability, accessibility and affordability to those in most need most health care (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). On achieving independence in 1963, the Government of Kenya (GoK) committed itself to providing â€Å"free† health services as part of its development strategy to alleviate poverty and improve the welfare and productivity of the nation (GoK press, 1965). This pledge was honored in 1964 with the discontinuation of the pre-independence user fees, and the introduction of free outpatient services and hospitalization for all children in the public health facilities. Services in the public health facilities remained free for all except those in employment whose expenses were met by their employers (Owino, W. and Were, M. , 1998). Through financial support from the central government, strategies were developed to expand the health infrastructure and support the entire health system. The GoK established NHIF in 1966 as a social insurance fund. At its inception, the NHIF was meant to assist GoK employees to gain access to higher quality private hospitals, thereby relieving congestion in the free public hospitals. The NHIF has mainly focused on the formal sector employees in the past around four decades. This has left those employed in the informal sector. Structural reforms and poor economic growth have increasingly pushed labor into the informal and small scale agriculture sectors where livelihoods are often insecure and incomes are low and uncertain (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). As a way of reaching out to those in the informal sector and the poor, the government plans to transform the current NHIF to National Social Health Insurance Fund (NSHIF). The aim is to ensure equity and access to healthcare services by the poor and those in the informal sector, who have been left out for the last forty years that the NHIF has been in existence. It is also expected that the new scheme will increase healthcare services utilization, which has suffered under cost sharing, by extending benefit package to also cover outpatient care. The current cost sharing will be replaced by pre-paid contribution into the new scheme (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). The principal choices for financing a health care system are: general revenues, social insurance funding, and private insurance financing and out of pocket payments. General revenue financing here refers to a system of revenue collection through a broad based tax. All or portion of this tax may be dedicated to the health care system . general revenues may be raised at the federal, state, provincial, or local levels. According to the United Nations system of national account, 1993, Annex IV par. 4. 111, an insurance programme is designated as a social insurance programme if at least one of the following three conditions is met: a) Participation in the programme is compulsory either by law or by conditions of employment. b) The programme is operated on behalf of a group and is restricted to group members. c) An employer makes a contribution to the programme on behalf of the employee. National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) is therefore a social insurance financing in Kenya. NHIF’s core function is to collect contributions from all Kenyans earning an income of over Ksh 1000 ($12) and pay hospital benefits out of the contributions to members and their declared dependants (spouse and children) Whilst ensuring that Kenyans of all walks of life have access to quality and affordable healthcare, NHIF operates under the social principle that â€Å"the rich should support the poor, the healthy should support the sick and the young should support the old. 2. Statement of the problem The GoK established NHIF in 1966 as a social insurance fund. At its nception, the NHIF was meant to assist GoK employees to gain access to higher quality private hospitals, thereby relieving congestion in the free public hospitals. The NHIF has mainly focused on the formal sector employees in the past around four decades. This has left those employed in the informal sector (Republic of Kenya, 2003a). There exists an information gap on informal sector Kenyans utilization of NHI F services, in instances where studies focus on informal sector employees, NHIF is a social health insurance and an important aspect healthcare financing in Kenya that is often neglected or not fully explored. Majority of studies carried out; focus on utilization of NHIF services across general Kenyan population irrespective of the employment sector. This has led to formulation of healthcare financing programmes that do not address the specific needs of Kenyans in the informal sector. More so, tools of analysis by most relevant studies are limited to univariate and bivariate analysis falling short of examining the net effect of selected background and intermediate factors negatively impacting healthcare accessibility and utilizations by workers in the informal sector of employment. The study is designed to assess the level of knowledge and utilization of NHIF in Kiwanja market because it is an area whose majority of residents are in the informal sector of employment. 3. Justification of the study Taking into considerations the existing information gap on utilization of NHIF services by informal sector employees, it is important to undertake this study in Kiwanja market to establish the awareness level and its use. Kiwanja market is a densely populated area behind Kenyatta University. Majority of Kiwanja residents are in the informal sector. The study is designed to identify the potential hindrances of utilization of NHIF services in Kiwanja residents in the informal sector and ways of how to remove them. The study seeks to explain and provide a systematic body of knowledge that can be explored for appropriate policy formulation, to act as an eye opener and reminder to both the NHIF management team, and other stakeholders to raise the utilization of NHIF services by the informal sector in Kenya. Knowledge deficit regarding NHIF benefits and use to finance health care contributes greatly to the high mortality and morbidity rates due to poor health seeking behavior (Inke et al. 2004). Provision of information and raising awareness on NHIF benefits and use will reduce significantly the number of pregnant women delivering at home due to lack of funds to pay for hospital delivery. 1. 4 Research questions The research questions for the study will be: a) How informed are the members of Kiwanja market about NHIF benefits? b) Wha t percentage of Kiwanja market residents use NHIF services and are in the informal sector? 1. 5 Objectives of the study 1. 5. 1 Broad objective To assess the awareness on NHIF benefits and utilization of NHIF services by Kiwanja market residents. . 5. 2 Specific objectives a) To find out the knowledge level of Kiwanja residents about NHIF. b) To determine the number of Kiwanja residents who are NHIF beneficiaries. 1. 6 Research assumptions The residents of Kiwanja market are knowledgeable about health care financing, they are aware about NHIF benefits but they do not use it because they think it is only meant to benefit those people in the formal employment sector. 7. Significance of the study This study aims at finding out if Kiwanja residents utilize NHIF services. In addressing the objectives, the study will identify the level of utilization of NHIF services, factors influencing its utilization and come up with ways of addressing any shortcomings that will be identified and help in improving NHIF services utilization. The findings, conclusions and recommendations of this study will be important in formulating awareness campaigns and educational materials that will enable the residents of Kiwanja in the informal sector of employment to realize the significance of NHIF programmes in financing their healthcare. This study attempts to find out the awareness on NHIF benefits and use by residents of Kiwanja market. It will therefore benefit the residents of Kiwanja and empower them to acquire their human right of health care. CHAPTER TWO 2. 0 LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 1 Social health insurance The concept of health insurance was first proposed in 1694 by Hugh the Elder Chamberlen from the Peter Chamberlen family. In the late 19th century, â€Å"accident insurance† began to be available, which operated much like modern disability insurance. This payment model continued until the start of the 20th century in some jurisdictions (like California), where all laws regulating health insurance actually referred to disability insurance. During the 1920s, individual hospitals began offering services to individuals on a pre-paid basis, eventually leading to the development of Blue Cross organizations. The predecessors of today's Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) originated beginning in 1929, through the 1930s and on during World War II (Weber, 1994). A health insurance scheme is social when it subsidizes the poor, the elderly and the sick, and when it promotes equity and access to everyone and not for profit. The core values in social health insurance embody a concern for the plight of the poor. In social insurance financing, health services are paid for through contributions to a health fund. The most common basis for contributions is payroll, with both the employer and the employee paying a percentage of the salary. In general, membership to a social health insurance schemes is mandatory, although it can be voluntary to certain groups such as the self-employed. The health fund is usually independent of the government but works within a tight framework of regulations. Premiums are linked to the average cost of treatment for the group as a whole, not to the expected cost of care for the individual (Conn , 1998). While there is no universally accepted definition of what â€Å"social insurance† is, Kraushaar and Akumu (1993) outline some broad characteristics, which are generally agreed upon. These are: a) Coverage is generally compulsory by law ) Eligibility for benefits is derived from contributions having been made to the programme c) The benefits for one individual are not usually directly related to contributions made by that individual but often those benefits aim to redistribute income between different income groups. This redistribution is usually from the rich to the lower income groups or from those with few to those with many dependants. Equity of benefits regardless of payment is the rule. d) There is generally a plan or the financing of benefits that is designed to be adequate in the long term. ) Governments manage nearly all such social insurance organizations. f) Revenues go fully and unchallenged to health and are not controlled by the treasury in a given country. Conn and Walford (1998) explain the rationale for health insurance in a low-income country with the following three arguments: a) Attracting additional money for health. This is so because health insurance is perceived as an additional source of money for healthcare. Consumers are more enthusiastic about paying for health insurance than paying general taxation as benefits are specific and visible. ) Getting better value for money because consumers are more able and prefer to pay regular, affordable premiums rather than paying fees for treatment when they are ill. c) Improving the quality and targeting of healthcare. Historically, HMOs tended to use the term â€Å"health plan†, while commercial insurance companies used the term †Å"health insurance†. A health plan can also refer to a subscription-based medical care arrangement offered through HMOs, preferred provider organizations, or point of service plans. These plans are similar to pre-paid dental, pre-paid legal and pre-paid vision plans. Pre-paid health plans typically pay for a fixed number of services. The services offered are usually at the discretion of a utilization review nurse who is often contracted through the managed care entity providing the subscription health plan. This determination may be made either prior to or after hospital admission (Weber, 1994) 2. 2 Healthcare financing through health insurance in Kenya Health insurance in Kenya has been provided by both private and public systems. The main objectives of the he health systems have been to insure Kenyans against health risks that they may encounter in future. Health insurance is considered private when the third party (insurer) is a profit organization (Republic of Kenya, 2003a). In private insurance, people pay premiums related to expected cost of providing services to them. Therefore people who are in high health risk groups pay more, and those at low risks pay less. Cross-subsidy between people with different risks of ill health is limited. Membership is usually voluntary. Public health insurance in Kenya is provided by the National Hospital Insurance Fund (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). 2. 2. The National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF). The NHIF was established in 1966 under chapter (CAP) 255 of the Laws of Kenya to be run by an Advisory Council appointed by the Minister of Health. The NHIF was established in 1966 under CAP 255 of the Laws of Kenya to be run by an Advisory Council appointed by the Minister of Health. It catered for salaried employees earning Kshs. 1, 000 and above per month, making a monthly contribution of Kshs. 20/= . In 1972 an amendment was made to incorporate voluntary members (self-employed) at a monthly contribution of Kshs. 0/=. In 1998, Cap 255 was repealed and replaced by the NHIF Act No. 9 of 1998 which transformed the fund to a State Corporation managed by an all inclusive Board representing various stakeholders and interest groups (Republic of Kenya, 2003a). 2. 2. 2 Membership to NHIF Membership to NHIF is open to all Kenyans aged 18 years and above earning a monthly income of kshs. 1000 or an average yearly income of kshs. 12, 000. There is no upper ceiling for the age. 2. 2. 3 Mode of Payment Employers effect deductions and remit to the fund by cheque or cash, and E-banking. Members in the informal sector pay in any of the NHIF offices Kshs. 160 per month for informal sector members. Members in the informal sector pay in any of the NHIF offices. All payments should be received by the 9th of the following month. For retirees/self employed persons payment for the year may be paid upfront; quarterly, semi-annually and/or annually. 2. 2. 4 Benefits and cover a) It covers all admission cases with few exceptions such as circumcision with no medical checkup required. b) Covers member, spouse and children under the age of 18 year. ) Children over 18 yrs and in learning institutions are also covered d) It covers for 180 days of hospitalization in a year. NHIF pay a daily rebate which ranges from Ksh. 400/= to Ksh. 2, 200/= Foreign claims. The number of other spouses is not limited and depends on the ability to pay for them. 2. 2. 5 How to access benefits Through presentation of the following to hospital on admission: Current NHIF Card- both manilla and photo card , Certificate of Contributions Paid (CCP) receipt and the national Identity card. The accredited hospitals deduct the daily rebate X number of days of hospitalization from the incurred bill. While for the contracted hospitals under category A, the entire bill is made by the Fund, the Fund reimburses member for costs incurred to the extent of the daily rebate if for one reason or another he /she is unable to use the card in Hospital. All claims should be received within 90 days after hospitalization. 2. 2. 6 Accredited hospitals Four hundred and fifteen health care providers have been enlisted across the country to provide services to NHIF beneficiaries under various contracts. Accreditation by NHIF is based on certain set standards and criteria for purpose of NHIF benefits. Quality Assurance and Standards Department consistently monitors the quality of services. 2. 2. 7 Milestones Increased rebates up to a maximum of 2,200 depending on hospital accreditation. It has an extensive branch network with 27 branches, satellite and window offices. It offers decentralized services, computerized operations and services and has a quality assurance and standards department in place. 2. 2. 8 The future of NHIF NHIF in future will use magnetic stripe card in hospitals to access benefits, introduction of diversified product lines, and further expansion of branch network. The ministry of health has designed a mandatory social health insurance scheme which seeks to transform the NHIF into a National Social Health Insurance Fund (NSHIF) to provide health insurance cover to both outpatients and inpatients. The main objective of the fund is to facilitate the provision of accessible, affordable and quality healthcare services to all its members irrespective of their age, economic or social status (Republic of Kenya, 2003c). 2. 3 Factors influencing utilization of social health insurance services. In most economically advanced countries, adequate social security laws are basically taken for granted. However, it often took many decades for social security systems to benefit all or major parts of the population in those countries. In the area of social health protection, for example, it took Japan 36 years to move from the enactment of the first health insurance law to the final law establishing nation-wide social health insurance. In the United Kingdom, a similar time period was needed to achieve its universal tax-based system (Inke et. al. 2004) Social Health Insurance (SHI) is not a widely adopted health financing mechanism in Africa. While there are many countries that operate a health insurance scheme for civil servants and/or private sector employees only some of these include features of a SHI, its appeal to cover larger parts of the population has been growing. Countries including Ghana, Nigeria and Rwanda have passed SHI laws. Earlier on, Kenya investigated the feasibility of SHI and Lesotho and Swaziland are doing so now. One distinct feature is that it does not call exclusively on public finance, but instead spreads the responsibility of health care financing among households and the private sector as well. From that point of view, tax-based systems in Africa are particularly challenged: the overall tax base may need to be strengthened, tax compliance may require improvement, and then a sufficient allocation towards health would have to be called for. Still, social health insurance is not a panacea either. It requires that an important organizational apparatus be put in place and that many actors in society shoulder critical responsibilities, such as the willingness and ability to contribute to the SHI scheme and then to comply with its regulations, thereby accepting a certain degree of financial solidarity (Kimani Muthaka ,and Manda, 2004). Aiming at universal health coverage for its 9. 5 million populations, Rwanda has spearheaded the development of a number of schemes that together constitute its SHI system. The three most important ones are the Rwandaise d'assurance maladie (RAMA), the Medical Military Insurance (MMI) and the Assurances Maladies Communautaires (AMCs). The RAMA social health insurance is compulsory for government employees and voluntary for private sector employees. Its contribution rate is 15% of basic salary (shared equally etween employee and employer). MMI covers all military personnel, who pay a contribution rate of 22. 5% of basic salary (5% paid by employee and 17. 5% by government). AMCs are community-based health insurance schemes whose members are mainly rural dwellers and informal sector workers in both rural and urban areas. They make up the majority of the population; by the end of 2007 about 5. 7 million Rwandans were covered by AMCs. Members usually contribute 1000 Rwandan Francs (1. 5 US$) per person per year which is matched by the government (Stilglitz, J. E. , 2000) 2. 3. 1 Feasibility analyses of social health insurance Since 2002, the WHO has been involved in technical advisory work especially on assessing the feasibility of SHI in Kenya, Lesotho and Swaziland in collaboration with national experts from those countries. In each country we analyzed the financial, organizational and political feasibility. Below we present some of the highlights of this work that should help us in formulating general guidance (Inke et. al. 2004) In Kenya, one basic financial scenario was that of gradual implementation of universal health coverage: coverage by a possible National Social Health Insurance Fund (NSHIF) would reach 62% of the population after 10 years, with further expansion in the second decade of SHI implementation. An important feature is that such a scenario would only be conceivable with sizable government subsidies. Without such subsidies, access to health car e among low-income households would be jeopardized, as the contributions From formal sector employees and civil servants would be insufficient to cross-subsidize the needed health care of the poor. External donors' financial support, however, could alleviate this extra financial burden on government. In fact, a variant of the basic scenario assumes that external donors would finance the provision of antiretroviral therapy, which would reduce the required government subsidies by about 20%. As far as the organizational aspects are concerned, it was studied whether the existing National Hospital Insurance Fund, a mandatory hospital insurance scheme for the formal sector with a small part of voluntary insurance for informal sector workers, might be transformed into the NSHIF. The latter would then be governed by a Board of Trustees with representatives from civil society. It is also interesting to note that the proposed NSHIF would include a Department of Fraud and Investigation in order to check the fund's financial activities. Civil society groups and enterprises such as the Post Office would also be given a role, especially in the collection of contributions from households in the informal sector (Inke et. al. , 2004) Concerning its political feasibility, consultations were held with a great number of stakeholders and interest groups, and most were supportive of the proposed NSHIF. Only Kenya's private Health Maintenance Organizations were very critical and had doubts about NSHIF feasibility. Finally, in 2004, the Kenyan Parliament passed a law on the NSHIF. However, President Kibaki judged it still needed amendments and returned it to Parliament for further debate that is still ongoing. Nonetheless, with a long-term vision, the existing National Hospital Insurance Fund is undertaking a number of institutional changes to increase membership and extend benefits so as to be better prepared should SHI take off (Inke et al. 2004) Factors which influence the use of NHIF services in Kenya include: ignorance, socio-economic factors, cultural factors, and demographic factors. Services information availability and accessibility also determines the utilization of social health insurance. Owino and Were (1998), in their study of enhancing healthcare among the vulnerable groups in Kenya ,found out that higher levels of awareness on health insurance, was associated with gre ater use of social insurance and thus better healthcare among the vulnerable people. In another study , a poverty survey by the UNICEF and overseas development Agency in 1995/96,it was found that user fees in Kenya made visits to government facilities prohibitively costly as the poor were required to make payments to reach the registration table, instead of using social insurance rebates. Worse, after the payments, the patients were asked to provide paper for record purposes. These costs could have been covered less difficultly by NHIF or more so NSHIF were they well informed of the benefits and the ease of membership. The study by Mwabu and Wang’ombe (1995) showed that the introduction of outpatient fees in Kenya’s public hospitals reduced the demand by a large proportion, and concluded that introduction of fees, or any upward revisions should be preceded by investments to raise quality of services and a well worked system of health insurance. The people should then be well sensitized on the benefits of joining into health insurance schemes. Huber (1993) did a systematic assessment of outpatients requiring exemptions, based on data from surveys in three districts in Kenya. The calculation was based on information on the household’s ability to pay. The study established the criteria for determining ability to pay on the assumption that households do not need to pay more than 5% of their annual incomes on healthcare from their pocket fees. As a result, households with cumulative health expenditures greater than 5% were assumed to qualify for the exemptions. The main conclusion from the study was that, it is not possible to tell who cannot pay fees by personal characteristics and so all people of the entire population should be enlightened on social insurance schemes such as NHIF and be encouraged to be members even when they are self employed. In a study carried out in Kenya (coast province) by Inke Mathaue (2007), on assessment affecting health services demand: extending social health insurance to informal sector in Kenya. Inke found out that, in the sum mix of the demand-side determinants can be addressed with a well designed strategy, focusing on awareness raising and information, improvement of insurance design features and setting differentiated and affordable contribution rates. In another study done by Mwangi W. M. and Mwabu, G. M (2006) on health care financing in Kenya: simulation of welfare effects of user fee, they found out that the introduction of user selective contribution charges would improve social insurance programmes such as the NHIF. The National Hospital Insurance Fund is the most important health insurance program in Kenya. Membership is compulsory for all civil servants. As of 1990, contribution levels proved insufficient to meet hospital costs and the government was planning to broker private health insurance policies. The government is continually improving and upgrading existing health facilities and opening new ones. Private health institutions account for 60% of total medical equipment and supplies (import value). Kenya also has a well-developed pharmaceutical industry that can produce most medications recommended by the World Health Organization (republic of Kenya, 1999) In order to increase the utilization of NHIF services, we need to raise the awareness on NHIF benefits to the people of Kiwanja market majority of who are struggling to pay for healthcare from their pockets. This study therefore, sets out to assess the utilization of NHIF services and identify factors that hinder its use by Kiwanja residents. The Government of Kenya has addressed the issue of inequalities and poor performance in a number of policy documents. The efforts made under the First Health Sector Plan (1999-2004) did not contribute towards improving Kenya’s health status. In 2005, the Second Health Sector Strategic Plan was implemented. This will run until 2010. In order to improve the funding of the healthcare system and to give more Kenyans access to better healthcare, the Ministry of Health is planning to introduce a National Social Health Insurance Fund (NSHIF). This is a social insurance scheme to which everyone will contribute, without exception. CHAPTER THREE 3. 0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. 1 Research design The study will be a cross-sectional descriptive study which will assess the awareness of the residents of Kiwanja market on NHIF services and benefits. 3. 2 Study area The research will be carried out in Kiwanja market which is located behind Kenyatta University, approximately 2 kilometers from the Nairobi –Thika dual carriage highway. 3. 3 Study population The study population will include Kiwanja market residents who are in the informal sector employment, who have attained the age of 18 years and earn an income of at least one thousand shillings per month. Kiwanja market has a total population of approximately 28,000 and about 5600 households as per the records in the chief’s office of Kahawa west location. 3. 4 Inclusion and exclusion criteria 3. 4. 1 Inclusion criteria The study will include Kiwanja market residents, who are self employed or employed in the informal sector. The respondents to be included must have attained the age of 18 years and consented to be used as respondents in the study. 3. 4. 5 Exclusion criteria The study will exclude students of Kenyatta University residing in Kiwanja market, residents under 18 years of age, and those who will decline to give consent. 3. 5 Sampling technique and sample size 3. 5. 1 Sample size determination The sample size will be determined by using the standard sample size calculation formula by Mugenda and Mugenda, 2003. nf = [pic](Mugenda & Mugenda, 2003) Where: nf =desired sample size (If the target population is 10,000) =the proportion of the target population estimated to be in the informal sector taken as 50% z =Standard normal deviation which is 1. 96 at 99 % level of confidence q=1 – p=1-0. 5=0. 5 d=Degree of accuracy desired is 0. 08 (Fischer et al, 1998) n=the desired sample size (when the target population is ;10,000) N=the population of Kiwanja resident households which is 5600 n =1. 962 ? 0. 5 ? 0. 5 0. 082 =76. 64 nf= 5600=75. 60 therefore sample size=76 1+ (5600/76. 64) 3. 5. 2 Sampling technique Cluster sampling technique will be used till an adequate sample size is achieved. Kiwanja market area will be divided into four clusters of approximately 1400 households each. There will be cluster A, B, C, and D. cluster A will be on the eastern part of the safaricom booster, cluster B will be on the western part of the safaricom booster while clusters C and D will be north and south of the booster respectively. Each cluster will contribute 25% of the sample size thus 19 respondents will be issued with the questionnaires. 3. 6 Data collection procedures 3. 6. 1 Research instruments A structured questionnaire will be used to collect data during the study. 3. 6. 2 Pre testing Pre testing of the study tool will be done at Kihunguro area in Ruiru town. 10% of the sample size will be used to test the data collection tool. 3. 6. 3 Data collection process A structured questionnaire will be issued to the respondents after an informed consent is given. The first respondent per cluster will be identified through simple random sampling technique and the next subjects will be selected by snowball sampling until a sample of 19 is obtained. Field editing will be done to the raw data obtained. . 3. 7 Data management Data categorization and coding will be carried out during preparation of the questionnaires. The data collected will be entered, coded and keyed into variables using SPSS version 12- computer software and excel computer packages. Quantitive data will be analyzed using SPSS version 10 computer software. Presentation of quantitive information will be done using statistical packages (graphs, charts, tables and pie charts). 3. 8 Limitations of the study Time will be limiting factor as the time frame for the study is short compared to the workload that will be involved in the study. Due to inadequate time and limited resources, it will be impossible for the study to be carried out in the entire Kahawa west location. This therefore will make generalization impossible because of using only one locality for the study. The researcher will also be disadvantaged in terms of personnel in that the researcher will be the only one carrying out the study with no assistants involved. 3. 9 Ethical considerations The researcher will ensure the following ethical considerations: i. Introductory letter from Kenyatta University, Department of Nursing Sciences. ii. Letter of authorization from chief of Kahawa west location.. iii. All respondents will give informed consent before being interviewed. iv. Confidentiality will be maintained. The researcher will provide feedback to the gatekeepers in the community (chief) and Kenyatta University, Department of Nursing Sciences REFERENCES 1. Abd El Fattah, H. I. Saleh, E. Ezzat, S. El-Sahaty, M. El Adawy, A. K. Nandakuma, C. Connor, H. Salah(1997). The health insurance organization of Egypt: An analytical review and strategy for reform. Technical report No 43. Bethesda, MD: Partnerships for health reform project, Abt Associates Inc. 2. Arrow, K. J. (1963). †Uncertainty and the welfare economics of medical care. † American Economic review. 3. Inke Mathauer, Guy, C, Doetinchem, O. , Joses, K, Laurent, M. (2004). Social health insurance: how feasible is its expansion in the African region, ISS, Rotterdam. 4. Kraushaar, D. (1994). † Health insurance: what is it, how it works. † Financing districts Health Services international workshop 5. Kraushaar. & O. Akumu (1993). â€Å"Financial sustainability of health programmes: the role of the national hospital insurance fund. † Nairobi: Government of Kenya. 6. Manda, Kimani. D. , (2004) Healthcare financing through health insurance in Kenya: the shift to a national social health insurance fund. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research Activities and Analysis (KIPPRA), Nairobi, Kenya. . Republic of Kenya (2003a). The National Social Health Insurance Strategy. Prepared by the Task Force on the Establishment of Mandatory National Social Health Insurance. 8. Republic of Kenya (1999). Kenya Gazette supplement, Acts, 1999. The national hospital insurance fund Act, 1998. Nairobi: government printer. 9. Republic of Kenya, (1997). Econom ic survey. Nairobi: government printer. 10. Shaw, P. (1998) Financing healthcare in the sub-Saharan Africa through user fees and insurance. World bank 11. Stliglitz, J. E. (2000). Economics of the public sector (third edition). W. W. Norton 12. World Bank (1993). World development report 1993: investing in health. Oxford university press. 13. Techlink International (1999). A renewed NHIF: final report manual. WORK PLAN FOR THE STUDY. |Task | Months | | | |January |February |March |April | | | | | | | | | | | | |Preparation, and approval of proposal |Wk 1 | |Purchasing stationery |500 | |Transport |1500 | |Proposal preparation |2,000 | |Data collection |3,000 | |Data processing and analysis |2,000 | |Lunch |1500 | |miscellaneous |1500 | |Total |12,000 | APPENDICES INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION (QUESTIONNAIRE) Instructions Please tick ( ) in the brackets representing the most appropriate response. Additional informational can also be given in the provide spaces or at the back of the questionnaire. 1 a) How old are you? (In complete years) 18-24years ( ) 25-34 years ( ) 35-44years ( ) 44years and above ( ) b) What is your gender? Male ( ) female ( ) 2. What is your highest level education? Never gone to school ( ) primary school ( ) secondary ( ) post secondary education ( ) 3. What is your religion? Christian ( ) Muslim ( ) Baha’i ( ) other (please specify)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4. What is your marital status? Single ( ) married ( ) divorced ( ) separated ( ) single parent ( ) widowed ( ) other (please specify)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 a) what is your main occupation? Self employed ( ) civil servant ( ) ? 6. Have you ever heard about NHIF? YES ( ) NO ( ) b) How many dependants do you have? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7. IF Yes in question 6 above, where did you hear about it? ) Heard from a friend b) I am a beneficiary or a member if NHIF c) My parents are members of NHIF d) At my place of work 8. Are you a National Hospital Insurance Fund member or beneficiary? Yes ( ) No ( ) 9. If yes in question 9 above how do you rate NHIF services in the scale below out of ten:0-3 poor ( ) 3-5 below average ( ) 5-7 good ( ) 7-10 very good ( ) 10. If no in number 9 above, please tick as appropriate the reason why you are not member or beneficiary of NHIF a) I have never heard about NHIF b) I do not know the benefits of NHIF c) There is no branch of NHIF in Kiwanja market d) I am not employed in the formal sector. 11. If you are a beneficiary of NHIF, would you like to be a member? Yes ( ) no ( ) 12 If no in number 11 above, please as appropriate the reason why. a) I am not employed in the formal sector. b) There is no branch of NHIF in Kiwanja market. c) I have to think about it first and consult my husband about it. d) The monthly contribution is too much for me. 13. If yes in number 11 above, how many beneficiaries will benefit from your cover? None ( ) my spouse ( ) my children ( ) my parents ( ) other†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 14. Do you think that NHIF services will ease your burden of financing healthcare for you and your family and significant others? Yes ( ) no ( ) 15. Would like to be an NHIF member? Yes ( ) no ( ) 16. If yes in the above no. 15 do you know what requirements for becoming a member are? Yes ( ) no ( ) 17. If no in number 16 above, why? a) Because I have just learnt about NHIF now. b) Because I have never had a chance of accessing information about NHIF membership before. c) Because I have always thought NHIF is for those in the formal sector. d) I would like some brochures from NHIF on benefits, cover, and how to contribute to the insurance scheme. 18. If you are a member of NHIF have you ever used their services? Yes ( ) no ( ) 19. If no in the above question 18, why? ) I have never been hospitalized. b) None of my beneficiaries have been hospitalized. c) I did not know how to place my claim of cover. d) The process of accessing benefits is too long for me. 20. If yes in the above question 18, where did you use it? a) In a government facility. b) In a mission hospital. c) In a private hospital. d) In a referral h ospital such as Kenyatta National Hospital. e) Other (please specify)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 20 if yes in question 18 above how did you find NHIF services? a) Average b) Good c) Very good d) Excellent Thank you very much for being a respondent and for your much cooperation. CONSENT FORM Researcher’s confirmation. I am Ann Mwangi, a Kenyatta university student pursuing a Bachelor’s of science degree in Nursing and Public Health. I am carrying out a study on utilization of NHIF services in Kiwanja market, Kahawa west location in Kasarani Division. I kindly request your permission to interview you. Confidentiality will be guaranteed. Your names will not be required. Signature of researcher†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Respondent’s consent I have been fully informed about the nature of the study and I hereby give my consent to any information which is required of me. Signature of respondent†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. MAP OF STUDY AREA [pic] ———————– Kiwanja Market

Thursday, November 7, 2019

CoEd Dormitories essays

CoEd Dormitories essays When I visited Berry College, one of the first things that I learned was Martha Berrys mission for her students - to educate the head, the heart, and the hands. The lady in the admissions office who welcomed us to Berry beamed as she told me how almost a hundred years later this mission is still the driving force behind Berry College. What a wonderful place to be, I thought to myself. A place where I will grow mentally, spiritually, and physically. Now that I am approaching the end of my freshman year, I am able to reflect on all that I have learned, as a result of Martha Berrys original purpose for the school. I was recently disturbed, however, to discover that the ideals which Berry College was founded upon have been challenged with the proposal for building a new co-ed dorm on campus, for cost efficient reasons. The decision to erect a co-ed dorm would be detrimental to the Berry community because it will hinder Berrys mission to educate the head, the heart, and the hands, of their students thus creating problems that would far outweigh the financial convenience. The head is where our brain is located. Our brain is the organ which allows us to think. We have the choice to think good things or bad things. A major factor contributing to what we think about is our environment. Berry College encourages their students through a variety of Christian organization, and also the enforcement of strict rules, to set their minds on pure and wholesome things. One rule in particular that reflects Berrys concern for the students is the no sex on campus rule. Berrys policy is only effective if they provide an atmosphere that reinforces this rule. By creating an environment that is not surrounded by sexual temptation, students are not tempted to think about sex as much. Also, the visitation rule , which requires students to be out of t...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Cutest Couple Quotes to Bring You Two Closer

Cutest Couple Quotes to Bring You Two Closer Couples in love have a penchant for public displays of affection. Their actions can draw stares, gaping mouths, and in some cases, police intervention. Yet you have to admit that these cute couples, who are oblivious in love, teach the world a thing or two about nurturing relationships. Read these cute couple quotes, laced with humor and wit. Brendan Francis A man is already halfway in love with any woman who listens to him. Kermit the Frog Maybe you don’t need the whole world to love you, you know, maybe you just need one person. Cher The trouble with some women is that they get all excited about nothing- and then marry him. Henny Youngman Those two are a fastidious couple. Shes fast and hes hideous. Jean Rostand A married couple are well suited when both partners usually feel the need for a quarrel at the same time. Adrian Morass I meet so many people I know and they all say my name and smile at me with kindness. But none of that can compare to the feeling I get when you flash that sunny bright smile at me and cutely say my name. Aphra Behn Each moment of a happy lovers hour is worth an age of dull and common life. Bil Keane A hug is like a boomerang: you get it back right away. Gretchen Kemp See theres this place in me where your fingerprints still rest, your kisses still linger, and your whispers softly echo. Its the place where a part of you will forever be a part of me. Katherine Mansfield Some couples go over their budgets very carefully every month. Others just go over them. Sean Warfare It is almost impossible to love without trusting. I remember the first time you said you trust me and then I knew that love will eventually find its way in our hearts. Sara Evans I know my heart will never be the same. But Im telling myself Ill be okay. Sarah Dessen, Along for the Ride Relationships dont always make sense. Especially from the outside. Phyllis Diller Ive been asked to say a couple of words about my husband, Fang. How about short and cheap? Octavio Paz If we are a metaphor of the universe, the human couple is the metaphor par excellence, the point of intersection of all forces and the seed of all forms. The couple is time recaptured, the return to the time before time. Nathan Tweed Out of all the things that I do all day, telling you that I love you is the sweetest thing I do. It is my favorite part of the day because you deserve all the love I can give. Florence King American couples have gone to such lengths to avoid the interference of in-laws that they have to pay marriage counselors to interfere between them. Tahereh Mafi, ​Shatter Me Im oxygen and hes dying to breathe. Woody Allen Love is the answer, but while youre waiting for the answer, sex raises some pretty interesting questions. Vernon Straights I feel very confident that we will make it through. Though we fight a lot I know that we will be together. Jacqueline Bisset Ideally, couples need three lives; one for him, one for her, and one for them together. Neil Simon Take care of him. And make him feel important. And if you can do that, youll have a happy and wonderful marriage. Like two out of every ten couples. John Whiting Unmarried couples should get married- thats an excellent tax avoidance measure, if a bit drastic. Earl Wilson This would be a much better world if more married couples were as deeply in love as they are in debt. Tam Ross Its funny how time flies by. We met, we dated, got engaged and now are getting married. Its so fast. Paula Gosling They shared the chores of living as some couples do- she did most of the work and he appreciated it. Homer Simpson Tell him Im going to the back seat of my car with the woman I love, and I wont be back for ten minutes! Sydney Smith Married couples resemble a pair of scissors, often moving in opposite directions, yet punishing anyone who gets in between them. Greek Proverb A heart that loves is always young. Denis MacShane We do seem to bicker and bicker. Sometimes I feel were like an old married couple, who think occasionally of murdering each other- but never of divorce. Willie Nelson Im drinking doubles now that youre running around single again.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Feasibility Report ( Accounting Information System ) Essay

Feasibility Report ( Accounting Information System ) - Essay Example o help provide the company with better integrated working and also to meet the needs which include, a) Improved stock taking process, b) Improved customer relationship management, c) Inclusion of Pay Roll software for better calculation of wages and electronic payment to the staff, and d) Inclusion of sales forecast software to help in forecasting the sales easily and effectively. Based on the research two products have been shortlisted which show potential for SkiZone. These include, NetSuite SaaS and QuickBooks Enterprise Solutions 10. 0. A thorough analysis of the features of the two solutions along with relative merits and demerits indicate the effectiveness of using these systems at SkiZone. These solutions are also financially analysed using investment appraisal methods and the cost benefits are identified. It is identified that Quick Books results in higher returns to the company and also increases the value of the company by a significant amount. The cost benefit analysis indicates that the Quick Books Enterprise is the optimum solution for SkiZone covering all the requirements. Stock management and good book keeping play a very important role in every business. It is essential that businesses keep a clear record of all their finances as well as maintain their stocks effectively (Gelinas & Dull, 2009). Keeping a clear track of all aspects of the business will allow the businesses to have better control on the finances and will also allows the company to benefit from other costs like opportunity costs, stock holding overheads and also any possible risk of wastages (Romney & Steinbart, 2008). This report aims at analysing the current position of Ski Zone and investigating the current deficiencies of the systems used as well as recommending alternative solutions to the company in order to develop better stock management systems. The financial aspects of the alternative option have also been included to gain a better overview of the cost – benefit analysis